Farm work — including fruit picking, harvesting, and other agricultural work — is one of the most common types of employment for working holiday makers in Australia. It also has a history of wage theft and poor conditions. Understanding your legal rights before you start is essential.
What are you entitled to as a farm worker?
All workers in Australia, including those on working holiday visas, are covered by the Fair Work Act. This means you are entitled to at least the national minimum wage, safe working conditions, and protection from exploitation.
For most farm work, the relevant award is the Horticulture Award, which sets minimum pay rates for piece work (paid per bin or kilogram) and hourly work. Your employer must pay whichever is higher — the piece rate or the minimum hourly rate.
Piece rates and minimum pay
Many farms pay by piece rate — per bin picked, per kilogram harvested. This is legal, but your total pay for any hour must equal at least the minimum hourly rate under the Horticulture Award. If you are picking slowly on a bad day and your piece rate earnings fall below minimum wage for that hour, your employer must top up your pay.
If you are unsure what rates apply to your work, check the Fair Work Ombudsman's pay calculator or call them on 13 13 94.
Deductions from your pay
Some employers deduct costs for accommodation, transport, or meals from your wages. This is only legal if you have agreed to it in writing and the deductions are reasonable. Deductions that bring your pay below the minimum wage are illegal. The Fair Work Ombudsman provides clear guidance on what deductions are permitted.
What to do if you are not being paid correctly
Keep records of your hours, your pay slips, and any written agreements about deductions. If you believe you are being underpaid, contact the Fair Work Ombudsman. Reports can be made anonymously and your visa status will not be used against you for making a complaint.
The ATO also has a tip-off line if your employer is paying cash in hand without reporting it properly.
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What is the Fair Work Act and how does it protect working holiday makers?
The Fair Work Act is Australia's main workplace relations law. Here is how it protects you as a working holiday maker.